ARO

Aro is Latin for "I plough". This word could be connected to the Greek God named Ares (Roman Mars).

Mars as an agricultural guardian directs his energies toward creating conditions that allow crops to grow, which may include warding off hostile forces of nature. In his book on farming, Cato invokes Mars Silvanus for a ritual to be carried out in silva, in the woods, an uncultivated place that if not held within bounds can threaten to overtake the fields needed for crops.

The connection to Mycenaean Greek word "are" might be in the way how a plough and armies make the ground look after a great march or a ploughing process. In modern Polish language there is a word "zaorać", which also means "to destroy someone".

AR-

---> Finnish: arra ("plow") (dialectal)

Latvian: art

Lithuanian: arti

Belarusian: ара́ць (arácʹ)

Welsh: aredig

Middle Welsh: ardaf

Welsh: arddaf

Gothic: 𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (arjan)

Mycenaean Greek: a-re ("the name of a god of war Ares")

Ancient Greek: ἀρόω (aróō)

Latin: aro

Aromanian: ar, arari

Franco-Provençal: arar

Friulian: arâ

Galician: arar

Italian: arare

Occitan: arar

Old Catalan: arar

Old French: arer

Portuguese: arar

Romanian: ara, arare

Sardinian: arai, arare

Sicilian: arari

Spanish: arar

Venetian: arar

Old Irish: arbar

Irish: arbhar

Scottish Gaelic: arbhar

Latin: arvus ("arable, ploughed, cultivated")

Old Armenian: արօս (arōs) ("virgin soil")

Armenian: արօս (arōs) ("field that is left uncultivated for 5-6years for strengthening")

Old Armenian: արաւր (arawr), հարաւր (harawr)

Armenian: արոր (aror) ("plow")

Latvian: arkls ("plow")

Lithuanian: arklas ("plow")

Middle Breton: arazr ("plow")

Breton: arar ("plow")

Old Cornish: aradar ("plow")

Cornish: arader ("plow")

Old Welsh: ara(ter) ("plow")

Middle Welsh: aradr ("plow")

Welsh: aradr ("plow")

Old Irish: arathar ("plow")

Irish: arathar ("plow")

Old Norse: arðr ("plow")

Danish: ard ("plow")

Norwegian: ard ("plow")

English: ard ("plow")

Old Swedish: arþer ("plow")

Swedish: årder ("plow")

Westrobothnian: ahl ("plow")

Ancient Greek: ἄροτρον (árotron) ("plow")

Greek: άροτρο (árotro) ("plow")

Latin: arātrum ("plow")

Italian: aratro ("plow")

Portuguese: arado ("plow")

Romanian: arat ("plow")

Spanish: arado, aradro ("plow")

Old Irish: airid

Irish: air

Old Armenian: հարաւունք (harawunkʿ) ("tilled land, fields,sowing, seed time")

Albanian: arar ("farmer")

RA-

Old East Slavic: рало (ralo) ("plow")

Belarusian: ра́ла (rála) ("plow")

Russian: ра́ло (rálo) ("plow")

Ukrainian: ра́ло (rálo) ("plow")

Old Church Slavonic: рало ⱃⰰⰾⱁ(ralo) ("plow")

Bulgarian: ра́ло (rálo) ("plow")

Macedonian: рало (ralo) ("plow")

Serbo-Croatian: ра̏ло rȁlo ("plow")

Slovene: rálo ("plow")

Czech: rádlo ("plow")

Polabian: rådlü, radlü ("plow")

Polish: radło ("plow")

Slovak: radlo ("plow")

Slovincian: rädło ("plow")

Lower Sorbian: radło ("plow")

Upper Sorbian: radło ("plow")

ADR-

---> Estonian: ader, (dialectal) ahr ("plow")

---> Ingrian: adra ("plow")

---> Finnish: (dialectal) atra, aatra ("plow")

---> Northern Karelian: atra ("plow")

---> Southern Karelian: adra ("plow")

---> Livonian: a'ddõrz, a'drõz ("plow")

---> Livvi: adru ("plow")

---> Ludian: adre̮ ("plow")

---> Veps: adr ("plow")

---> Võro: adõr/adyr'/atr ("plow")

---> Votic: adra ("plow")

OR-

Russian: ора́ть (orátʹ), орёт (orjót)

Ukrainian: ора́ти (oráty)

Old Church Slavonic: орати (orati)

Bulgarian: ора́ (orá)

Macedonian: ора (ora)

Serbo-Croatian: о̀рати, òrati

Chakavian (Vrgada): orȁti

Chakavian (Orbanići): orȁt

Slovene: oráti

Czech: orat

Polish: orać, orzeć

Slovak: orať

ER-

Middle Welsh: eredic

Breton: erv

Cornish: erow

Welsh: erw

Old English: erian

Middle English: eren

English: ear

Old Frisian: era, ara

Old Saxon: erian

Middle Dutch: ēren, ērien, erren

Old High German: erien, erren

Middle High German: ern

Old Norse: erja

Icelandic: erja

Old Swedish: æria

Swedish: ärja

Old Danish: æriæ

Danish: ærje

UR-

---> Finnish: aura ("plow")

Sanskrit: उर्वरा (urvárā) ("fertile land")

Younger Avestan: uruuarā

PLU-

Albanian: plug

Aromanian: plug

Romanian: plug

Lithuanian: plūgas

Belarusian: плуг (pluh)

Russian: плуг (plug)

Ukrainian: плуг (pluh)

Bulgarian: плуг (plug)

Macedonian: плуг (plug)

Serbo-Croatian: плуг plug

Slovene: plȗg

Czech: pluh

Polish: pług

Slovak: pluh

Norn: plu

Central Franconian: Pluuch

Plautdietsch: Pluach, Plüach

Old High German: phluog, pfluog

Middle High German: pfluoc

German: Pflug

Luxembourgish: Plou

Elfdalian: pluog

Middle English: plugh

Vilamovian: fłüg

PLO-

Old English: plōh

Old Frisian: plōch

Central Franconian: Plooch

North Frisian: plog

Middle Low German: plōg

Low German: Ploog

Limburgish: plógk

Old Norse: plógr

Icelandic: plógur

Faroese: plógv

Norwegian: plog

Old Swedish: plōgher

Swedish: plog

Danish: plov

Gutnish: plog

PLOU-

Middle English: plouh, plough, plouw, plow

English: plough, plow

Scots: plou

Saterland Frisian: Plouch

PLOE-

West Frisian: ploech

Middle Dutch: ploech

Dutch: ploeg

Afrikaans: ploeg

Article published on the 30th of October 2018. Last updated on the 9th of October 2019 and 9th of September 2020.